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4.3 External links

Org supports links to files, websites, Usenet and email messages, BBDB database entries and links to both IRC conversations and their logs. External links are URL-like locators. They start with a short identifying string followed by a colon. There can be no space after the colon. The following list shows examples for each link type.

http://www.astro.uva.nl/~dominik          on the web
doi:10.1000/182                           DOI for an electronic resource
file:/home/dominik/images/jupiter.jpg     file, absolute path
/home/dominik/images/jupiter.jpg          same as above
file:papers/last.pdf                      file, relative path
./papers/last.pdf                         same as above
file:/myself@some.where:papers/last.pdf   file, path on remote machine
/myself@some.where:papers/last.pdf        same as above
file:sometextfile::NNN                    file, jump to line number
file:projects.org                         another Org file
file:projects.org::some words             text search in Org file(37)
file:projects.org::*task title            heading search in Org file
file+sys:/path/to/file                    open via OS, like double-click
file+emacs:/path/to/file                  force opening by Emacs
docview:papers/last.pdf::NNN              open in doc-view mode at page
id:B7423F4D-2E8A-471B-8810-C40F074717E9   Link to heading by ID
news:comp.emacs                           Usenet link
mailto:adent@galaxy.net                   Mail link
mhe:folder                                MH-E folder link
mhe:folder#id                             MH-E message link
rmail:folder                              RMAIL folder link
rmail:folder#id                           RMAIL message link
gnus:group                                Gnus group link
gnus:group#id                             Gnus article link
bbdb:R.*Stallman                          BBDB link (with regexp)
irc:/irc.com/#emacs/bob                   IRC link
info:org#External links                   Info node link
shell:ls *.org                            A shell command
elisp:org-agenda                          Interactive Elisp command
elisp:(find-file-other-frame "Elisp.org") Elisp form to evaluate

On top of these built-in link types, some are available through the contrib/ directory (see Installation). For example, these links to VM or Wanderlust messages are available when you load the corresponding libraries from the contrib/ directory:

vm:folder                                 VM folder link
vm:folder#id                              VM message link
vm://myself@some.where.org/folder#id      VM on remote machine
vm-imap:account:folder                    VM IMAP folder link
vm-imap:account:folder#id                 VM IMAP message link
wl:folder                                 WANDERLUST folder link
wl:folder#id                              WANDERLUST message link

For customizing Org to add new link types Adding hyperlink types.

A link should be enclosed in double brackets and may contain a descriptive text to be displayed instead of the URL (see Link format), for example:

[[http://www.gnu.org/software/emacs/][GNU Emacs]]

If the description is a file name or URL that points to an image, HTML export (see HTML export) will inline the image as a clickable button. If there is no description at all and the link points to an image, that image will be inlined into the exported HTML file.

Org also finds external links in the normal text and activates them as links. If spaces must be part of the link (for example in ‘bbdb:Richard Stallman’), or if you need to remove ambiguities about the end of the link, enclose them in square brackets.


Footnotes

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The actual behavior of the search will depend on the value of the option org-link-search-must-match-exact-headline. If its value is nil, then a fuzzy text search will be done. If it is t, then only the exact headline will be matched. If the value is 'query-to-create, then an exact headline will be searched; if it is not found, then the user will be queried to create it.

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