GNU Artanis web-framework Manual

Copyright (C)  2015  Mu Lei known as NalaGinrut.
Permission is granted to copy, distribute and/or modify this document
under the terms of the GNU Free Documentation License, Version 1.3
or any later version published by the Free Software Foundation;
with no Invariant Sections, no Front-Cover Texts, and no Back-Cover
Texts.  A copy of the license is included in the section entitled ``GNU
Free Documentation License''.

This manual describes the use of GNU Artanis and its API.

A web application framework (WAF) is a software framework that is designed to support the development of dynamic websites, web applications, web services and web resources. The framework aims to alleviate the overhead associated with common activities performed in web development. GNU Artanis provides several tools for web development: database access, templating frameworks, session management, URL-remapping for RESTful, page caching, and so on.

Guile is the GNU Ubiquitous Intelligent Language for Extensions, the official extension language for the GNU operating system. Guile is also an interpreter and compiler for other dynamic programming languages except Scheme programming language.

Scheme is a functional programming language and one of the two main dialects of the programming language Lisp. Scheme follows a minimalist design philosophy specifying a small standard core with powerful tools for language extension.

GNU Artanis is Free Software. GNU Artanis is under the terms of the GNU Lesser General Public License version 3 or later. See the files COPYING.LESSER and COPYING in toplevel of source code.

This manual is published under the terms of the GNU Free Documentation License 1.3 or later.

You must be aware there is no warranty whatsoever for GNU Artanis. This is described in full in the licenses.

A configuration file is required when Artanis is run for the first time.

• If you're using minimum mode, say, no application folder. The configure file must be named /etc/artanis/artanis.conf .
• If you're using application folder, the configure file conf/artanis.conf will be generated automatically for you.

This chapter introduces some useful documents to help you understand Scheme language well. Feel free to come back here if you have any problem with Scheme syntax.

If any possibile, read them again and again.

Scheme was introduced in 1975 by Gerald J. Sussman and Guy L. Steele Jr. and was the first dialect of Lisp to fully support lexical scoping, first-class procedures, and continuations. In its earliest form it was a small language intended primarily for research and teaching, supporting only a handful of predefined syntactic forms and procedures. Scheme is now a complete general-purpose programming language, though it still derives its power from a small set of key concepts. Early implementations of the language were interpreter-based and slow, but Guile Scheme is trying to implement sophisticated compiler that generate better optimized code, and even a plan for AOT compiler generated native code in the future.

GNU Artanis provides art command line tool to save users' time.

MVC is Model-Views-Controller, the most classic architectural pattern for implementing user interfaces. It divides a given software application into three interconnected parts, so as to separate internal representations of information from the ways that information is presented to or accepted from the user.

#:mime method is used to return the proper MIME type in the HTTP response.

#:mime type ; for registering type
(:mime rc body) ; for emit the reponse with the proper MIME

If you want to deal with uploading files, store-uploaded-files would be you friend.

You have to use #:session mode while you defining URL rule handler.

(post "/auth" #:session mode
  (lambda (rc) ...))

mode could be:

• #t or 'spawn, to spawn a new session, the name of SID is "sid" in default.
• `(spawn ,sid) specify a name of sid to spawn.
• `(spawn ,sid ,proc) specify a name of sid and a proc to define your own session spawner.

And the APIs of session is :session

(:session rc cmd)

cmd could be:

• 'check to check session with name "sid".
• `(check ,sid) to check session with a specified sid name.
• 'check-and-spawn check "sid" first, if no, then spawn it.
• `(check-and-spawn ,sid) the same with above, but specified name of sid.
• `(check-and-spawn-and-keep ,sid) check then spawn then keep it, with the name of sid.
• 'spawn spawn a session with the name "sid".
• 'spawn-and-keep spawn a session then keep with the name "sid".

You have to use #:cookies mode while you defining URL rule handler.

(get "/certain-rule" #:cookies mode
  (lambda (rc) ...))

mode could be:

• ('names names …) specifies the name list of the cookies.
• ('custom (names …) maker setter getter modifier) specify a more complicated customized cookie handlers.

And the APIs:

(:cookies-set! rc cookie-name key val)

(:cookies-ref rc cookie-name key)

(:cookies-setattr! rc cookie-name #:expir #f #:domain #f #:path #f #:secure #f #:http-only #f)

(:cookies-remove! rc key) ; remove cookie from client

(:cookies-update! rc) ; cookies operations won't work unless you update it

NOTE: You don't have to call :cookies-update! yourself, since it'll be called automatically by the hook before response.

For example:

(get "/cookie" #:cookies '(names cc)
  (lambda (rc)
    (:cookies-set! rc 'cc "sid" "123321")
    "ok"))

(get "/cookie/:expires" #:cookies '(names cc)
  (lambda (rc)
    (:cookies-set! rc 'cc "sid" "123321")
    (:cookies-setattr! rc 'cc #:expir (string->number (params rc "expires")))
    "ok"))

Now you may use this command in the console to see the result:

curl --head localhost:3000/cookie
# and
curl --head localhost:3000/cookie/120

The functions introduced here need to import (artanis utils) module.

GNU Artanis provides debug-mode for more convenient debug. You may enable it easy.

For the simplest way, pass #:debug #t when calling run function:

(run #:debug #t)

If you use MVC or created an app folder, just pass –debug or -g:

# In app folder
art work --debug
# Or
art work -g

When you enabled debug-mode, the Model and Controller modules written by you will be reloaded automatically on the fly.

If not, you have to Ctrl+C to quit GNU Artanis server and start it again. This saves your time.

And you may add paths to monitor certain files (for an instance, JSON as config file to be reloaded on the fly) if you want to be notified when they're changed. Just put the paths here:

debug.monitor = my/lib/json, my/lib/modules

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